ABSTRACT
Background and rationale@#Diabetes mellitus (DM) remains an important health problem worldwide, including in Laos. Most deaths among DM type-2 patients result from complications due to poor control of glycemia. Eating and drinking behaviors are vital factors for glycemia control in DM patients and study of their knowledge, attitude and practice for eating-drinking behavior may help us to understand the problem and plan engagement and how to promote appropriate changes in patients’ behavior.@*Methodology@#A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted to explore knowledge, attitude and practice on eating-drinking of DM type-2 patients who visited the Outpatient Department of Mahosot Hospital from February to March 2012. A questionnaire was designed and pre-tested before interviewing patients following their consent. Patients were selected into the study using systematic random sampling.@*Results@#Two hundred DM type-2 patients (60% females) were interviewed. The overall mean (SD) age of the patients was 58 (9.2) years; 35.5% of them had at least a family member with DM. The mean (SD) duration the patients knew that they had DM was 6.1 years (SD = ±5.8). On the day of interview, 42% and 32.5% of the patients had blood glucose levels that were high (130-180 mg/dL) and very high (>180 mg/dL), respectively. Twenty-two percent of the respondents had a good level of DM diet knowledge while 59% of them had a moderate level and the remainder (19%) had a low level. Most of interviewees (98.5%) had correct knowledge on food restriction (rice, flour, sugar, and lipid) and 93.5% knew that food control, exercise, and taking antidiabetics regularly are the best ways to control blood sugar. Less than 50% of the respondents knew that DM patients have to restrict the quantity of rice to eat and that patients with complications must control their diets strictly. Although 68.5% and 31.5% of the patients had a good and moderate level, respectively, of attitude on DM nutrition, some of them still had beliefs that are not medically recommended. For example, 15.5% of patients thought that they could stop their medication by themselves, 28% said that DM patients can live normally regardless of blood sugar control, and 49.5% believed that DM was a bad karma. Approximately 1/4 of the interviewees reported that they mostly did not eat on time, 30.5% did not restrict their food, 41% just ate what they needed and 41.5% said that they ate any fruits that they liked.@*Conclusion@#Although most of DM patients had correct knowledge on DM diets, some of them had attitudes and practice on food consumption, including poor blood sugar control, that are at odds with current medical advice. Engagement methods are needed to inform patients of optimal dietary practice in order to prevent DM complications.
ABSTRACT
Background : The Perception of dietary control in diabetic patients is great importance for the practices of it. We, therefore, wanted to investigate the Perception and practices of dietary control in type 2 diabetic patients. The study may provide useful information to the development of proper conduct for the dietary intake restriction of type 2 diabetes patients.Objectives: To study the Perception and practices of dietary control in type 2 diabetic patients.Design: Descriptive study. Population: Patients suffering from type 2 diabetes, living in rural area of 171 type 2 diabetes patients who living in Nontong subdistricts were recruited in the analysis.Measurement: QuestionnaireStatistical analyses: All data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and data were analyzed by using the statistical software STATA.Results: About 78% of all patients under survey were females and the average age of the patients was 55 years (S.D. = 10.6). The median time diagnosed as diabetes mellitus was 7 years. Blood sugar levels were improperly controlled by 72.5% of the patients. Ninety one percents of them perceived that they should restrict consumption of sticky rice. However, flour products were perceived as no restriction of consumption. Moreover, 75% of them perceived that in case of the occasional consumption of sweet taste fruits and desserts, no restriction was made on the amount consumed. Almost all of them (97%) consumed sticky rice as staple food and half of them did not control their sticky rice consumptions. Approximately one-fourth of them did not control the amount of flour product intakes, sweet taste fruits, and sugar added drinks. Conclusion: The patients had a good perceive restrict consume food if they usually ate of it. On the contrary, they had a low perceive restrict consume food if they sometime ate of it, and also their dietary intake is not appropriate to control sufficiently the disease they are suffering from. Keyword: Diabetics Mellitus, Perceptions of dietary control, Dietary intake
ABSTRACT
Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases. This action research was used to apply the method of self-reaction and social support for lipid control in three phases; i) situation analysis, (ii) action phase and (iii) evaluation phase. The sample of this study includes 51 personnel in Khon Kaen Hospital. The field study was conducted during December 2008 – March 2009. After intervention by using model development of behavioral modification for lipid control in personnel with dyslipidemia, it was found that their knowledge and expectation was improved significantly (p \< 0.01) as well as their behavior. Their cholesterol decreased 64.7%, triglyceride decrease 54.9%, HDL-C increased 54.9%, but LDL-C increased 52.9%.
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Iron deficiency anemia is an important public health problem especially among children and adolescents who are still growing and developing. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia, energy and nutrients intake among vegetarian adolescents.Methods: Ninety four vegetarian adolescents (51 males, 43 females) living in the Ratchatani Asoke community, Ubon Ratchathani Province aged between 10 to 19 years participated in this study. All adolescents were screened for thalassemia by OF and DCIP. Anemia was defined as Hb values lower than the WHO standard. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) was defined as serum ferritin (SF) \< 15μg/l concurrent with anemia. Iron depletion (ID) was defined as SF lower than 15μg/l with non anemia. Nutritional intake was calculated from 7 day dietary food records of 86 adolescents. Energy and nutrients’ adolescents were analysed by comparing with Thai recommended dietary allowance (RDA). The data were collected from February to April 2009. Results: The median duration of consuming vegetarian diet of the respondents was 3 years (Q1-Q3=2-5). Most of then (89.5%) skipped lunch. The prevalence of anemia among vegetarian adolescents was high at 42.6%, with a similar proportion found for males (43.1%) and females (41.9%). The prevalence of IDA, was 24.5%, with higher proportion among females (30.2%) in comparison to males (19.6%). The prevalence of ID was 18.1%, with 15.7% for males and 20.9% for females. The median amount of energy and protein intake were 50.9% (Q1-Q3= 40.3-61.2) and 49.7% (Q1-Q3= 39.1-59.2) of RDA, respectively. The median amount of iron intake was only 34.4% (Q1-Q3 = 23.9-48.7) of RDA and the median vitamin C intake was 72.5% (Q1-Q3 = 50.5-108.8) of RDA. Energy intakes expressed as a percentage of total energy of carbohydrates was found to be 67.4%, 11.1% of protein and 21.5% of fat.Conclusion: The prevalence of IDA and ID among the vegetarian adolescents was high. Special attention in this respect must be given among female adolescents. The ways and means must be found to correct the situation, in advocating diets with high iron content and also iron supplementation might be considered.Key words: Iron Deficiency Anemia, Iron Depletion, Vegetarian, Adolescents